Monument aux martyrs politiques

Le Monument aux martyrs politiques, situé dans l'ancien cimetière de Calton sur Calton Hill, à Édimbourg, commémore cinq réformistes politiques de la fin du XVIIIe et du début du XIXe siècle. C'est un obélisque de 27 mètres de hauteur sur un piédestal carré, entièrement construit en blocs de grès taillé. Faisant partie du cimetière, il est inscrit sur la liste des monuments classés au Royaume-Uni le 16 avril 1966.

1. Inscriptions

Sur le monument est inscrit sur un côté :

1. Histoire du monument

En 1837, le politicien radical Joseph Hume lance un plan pour ériger un monument aux cinq hommes. Il préside un comité à Londres pour augmenter les souscriptions publiques en faveur du monument et s'install à Édimbourg. Cette année-là, l'éditeur William Tait sollicite en leur nom le Lord Provost d'Édimbourg pour obtenir l’octroi d'un terrain sur Calton Hill à cette fin.
Hume pose la première pierre le 21 août 1844, et 3 000 personnes sont réunies pour l'occasion. Le cimetière d'Old Calton et d'autres parties de Calton Hill abritent un certain nombre d'autres monuments et mémoriaux. Le monument a été conçu par l'architecte écossais Thomas Hamilton (en), qui est également responsable d'un certain nombre d'autres projets sur Calton Hill, notamment l'ancien bâtiment du Royal High School et le Burns Monument. En février 1852, Hume entreprend la construction d'un second monument, au cimetière de Nunhead à Londres, d'une hauteur de 10 m. Le monument bénéficie de l'inscription sur la liste des monuments classés au Royaume-Uni le 16 avril 1966.

1. Références


1. Bibliographie

Journal of Daniel Paine, 1794-1797, together with documents illustrating the beginning of government boat-building and timber-gathering in New South Wales, 1795-1805, Library of Australian History, 1983, 107 p. (ISBN 0-908120-49-4) Christina Bewley, Muir of Huntershill, Oxford University Press, 1981, 212 p. (ISBN 0-19-211768-8)

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Political Martyrs' Monument

The Political Martyrs Monument, located in the Old Calton Burial Ground on Calton Hill, Edinburgh, commemorates five political reformists from the late 18th and early 19th centuries. Designed by Thomas Hamilton and erected in 1844, it is a 90 ft (27 m) tall obelisk on a square-plan base plinth, all constructed in ashlar sandstone blocks. As part of the Burial Ground it is Category A listed.

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Old Calton Burial Ground

The Old Calton Burial Ground is a cemetery in Edinburgh, Scotland. It is located on Calton Hill to the north-east of the city centre. The burial ground was opened in 1718, and is the resting place of several notable Scots, including philosopher David Hume, scientist John Playfair, rival publishers William Blackwood and Archibald Constable, and clergyman Dr Robert Candlish. It is also the site of the Political Martyrs' Monument, an obelisk erected to the memory of a number of political reformers, and Scotland's American Civil War Memorial. The burial ground was altered following the construction of Waterloo Place in 1819, which divided the graveyard into two sections. Along with Edinburgh's other historic graveyards, Old Calton is managed by City of Edinburgh Council. The burial ground, including screen walls, and its monuments are protected as a category A listed building.

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