Lancastre (Royaume-Uni)

Lancastre, en anglais Lancaster, est une ville dans le Nord-Ouest de l'Angleterre, au Royaume-Uni, dans le comté du Lancashire sur la rivière Lune. Elle a le statut de Cité. En 2001, elle comptait plus de 45 952 habitants. La ville est très accessible : située près de l'autoroute M6, l'autoroute la plus longue de Royaume-Uni, mais aussi, possédant une gare sur la West Coast Main Line, la plus importante artère ferroviaire du nord-ouest.
La ville s'illustre notamment par son université, l'université de Lancastre, la 8e université britannique (Good University Guide - 2019) qui compte plus de 17 000 étudiants. La ville de Lancastre est dans le district non métropolitain de la Cité de Lancastre.

1. Histoire

L'origine de la ville de Lancastre remonte à un fort romain bâti à l'emplacement du château de Lancastre au Ier siècle de notre ère. La première mention du nom ne date cependant que de la rédaction du Domesday Book, en 1086, où le nom de Lancaster apparaît. Le bourg prend de l'importance au cours du Moyen Âge, notamment avec la construction du château au XIIIe siècle. Le nom de Lancaster, ou Lancastre en français, reste surtout attaché à celui de la Maison de Lancastre, qui fut en conflit au XVe siècle avec la Maison d'York dans la succession au trône d'Angleterre. Cette lutte est connue sous le nom de guerre des Deux-Roses. La ville prospéra au XVIIIe siècle grâce au commerce avec les Antilles et possède un bon nombre de belles constructions datant de cette période.

1. Personnalités liées à la commune

Thomas Edge (1588-1624), explorateur britannique, y est décédé ; Alexander Hamilton (1767-1862) en a été député de 1802 à 1806 ; John Wrathall (1913-1978), président de Rhodésie, y est né ; Barbara Wharton Low (1920-2019), biochimiste et biophysicienne, y est née.

1. Notes

La ville est utilisée dans la saga de l'Épouvanteur (The Wardstone Chronicles). Ces livres racontent l'histoire d'un jeune apprenti « épouvanteur », c'est-à-dire chasseur de sorcières et autres créatures maléfiques.

1. Jumelages

Perpignan (France) depuis 1962 Aalborg (Danemark) Almere (Pays-Bas) Lublin (Pologne) Rendsburg (Allemagne) depuis 1968 Växjö (Suède) Viana do Castelo (Portugal)

1. Notes et références


1. Annexes


1. = Articles connexes =

Cathédrale Saint-Pierre de Lancaster Château de Lancastre Comte de Lancastre Duc de Lancastre Duché de Lancastre (domaine privé du souverain britannique) Maison de Lancastre Guerre des Deux-Roses

1. = Liens externes =

(en) Site officiel

Ressource relative à la géographie : Open Domesday Ressource relative à la musique : MusicBrainz

Portail de l’Angleterre

Nearby Places View Menu

City of Lancaster

The City of Lancaster, or simply Lancaster (), is a local government district with city status in Lancashire, England. It is named after its largest settlement, Lancaster, and also includes the towns of Carnforth, Heysham and Morecambe and a wider rural hinterland. The district has a population of 145,006 (2024), and an area of 219 square miles (567 km2). Much of the district's rural area is recognised for its natural beauty; it includes part of the Yorkshire Dales National Park and parts of the designated Areas of Outstanding Natural Beauty of Arnside and Silverdale and the Forest of Bowland. The neighbouring districts are Westmorland and Furness, North Yorkshire, Ribble Valley and Wyre.

Landmark National Park

Windermere House, Lancaster

Windermere House is in Middle Street, Lancaster, Lancashire, England. It is recorded in the National Heritage List for England as a designated Grade II listed building. It originated as a school, and has since been converted into flats.

Landmark School

St Thomas' Church, Lancaster

St Thomas' Church is in Marton Street, Lancaster, Lancashire, England. It is an active Anglican parish church in the deanery of Lancaster, the archdeaconry of Lancaster and the diocese of Blackburn. The church is recorded in the National Heritage List for England as a designated Grade II listed building.

Church Landmark

Market Square, Lancaster

Market Square is an historic public square in Lancaster, Lancashire, England. It is located on Market Street, a few hundred feet east of New Street. It is believed the square was founded around 1193, when a borough charter was granted to the town, allowing it to hold a market. Lancaster City Museum stands on the western side of the square, in the building formerly occupied by Lancaster Town Hall, which moved to Dalton Square in 1910. The museum building was completed in 1783 and is a designated Grade II* listed building. Lancaster Central Library adjoins the museum building in the northwestern corner of the square. Two arcades (a colloquial name for a alleyway or ginnel) open out on the square from the south. One from St Nicholas Arcades and one that originates on King Street. Bonnie Prince Charlie was proclaimed regent in the square by the Jacobite Army on 24 November 1745.

Landmark Museum

Lancaster, Lancashire

Lancaster ( LANG-kə-stər or LANG-kast-ər) is a city in Lancashire, England, and the main cultural hub, economic and commercial centre of City of Lancaster district. The city is on the River Lune, directly inland from Morecambe Bay. Lancaster is the county town, although Lancashire County Council has been based at County Hall in Preston since its formation in 1889. The city's long history is marked by Lancaster Roman Fort, Lancaster Castle, Lancaster Priory Church, Lancaster Cathedral and the Ashton Memorial. It is the seat of Lancaster University and has a campus of the University of Cumbria. It had a population of 52,234 in the 2011 census, compared to the district, which had a population of 138,375. The House of Lancaster was a branch of the English royal family. The Duchy of Lancaster still holds large estates on behalf of Charles III, who is the Duke of Lancaster. The Port of Lancaster and the 18th-century Lancaster slave trade played a major role in the city's growth, but for many years the outport of Glasson Dock, downstream, has been the main shipping facility.

Government Historic Site