Heriot Row est une rue prestigieuse du centre d'Édimbourg, restée pratiquement inchangée depuis sa construction en 1802. De sa création à nos jours, elle est demeurée une adresse de premier plan dans la ville et a abrité l'élite riche et célèbre d'Édimbourg pendant 200 ans.

1. Histoire

Suite au succès de la première New Town d'Édimbourg (de Princes Street à Queen Street), il fut proposé d'étendre le concept vers le nord, sur des terrains alors relativement ouverts, appartenant en grande partie au Heriot Trust. Les deux sections principales furent achevées en 1808. La courte section ouest fut réalisée un peu plus tard, en 1817, par William & Wallace. Le projet initial prévoyait deux îlots bordés de palais, d'une étonnante modestie : deux étages et un sous-sol, à l'exception des pavillons d'extrémité et du pavillon central, qui comptaient trois étages. En 1864, David Bryce élabora un plan pour ajouter un troisième étage à toute la partie ouest (centrale), mais comme celle-ci était détenue en copropriété, tous les propriétaires ne l'ont pas fait. Il en résulte une silhouette urbaine défigurée et irrémédiablement brisée à l'extrémité ouest. Les terrasses s'étendent de Dundas Street à Gloucester Lane, cette dernière étant située hors du plan rectangulaire de la Nouvelle Ville car il s'agit d'une ruelle médiévale reliant Stockbridge à l'église Saint-Cuthbert. Cette ruelle marque la limite d'une paroisse. Bien que répandus, les balcons en fonte ne faisaient pas partie du plan d'origine et furent ajoutés au fur et à mesure, principalement entre 1830 et 1890. C'est pourquoi leur style varie d'une maison à l'autre.

1. Jardins de Queen Street

Les jardins de Queen Street sont divisés en trois sections, dont deux se trouvent en face de Heriot Row. Les jardins ont été formalisés en un seul espace commun (mais privé) en 1836. L'extrémité est du jardin en face du 1 Heriot Row a été conçue par l'artiste Andrew Wilson. La partie centrale du jardin comprend un petit étang avec une île centrale. Ceci accrédite l'histoire selon laquelle ce lieu aurait inspiré Robert Louis Stevenson pour écrire « L'Île au trésor », car son ancienne maison donnait directement sur l'île. Le petit « temple grec » du jardin n'a aucune histoire. Il dissimule un régulateur de gaz et a été érigé en 1988 par British Gas. Il est construit en plastique renforcé de fibres de verre couleur pierre.

1. Références


1. Liens externes

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