Calton Hill

Calton Hill est une colline du centre d'Édimbourg, à l'est de Princes Street, classée au patrimoine mondial de l'Unesco. Son intérêt au sein du patrimoine naturel de l'Écosse lui vaut d'être inscrite au Scottish Natural Heritage. Des fouilles archéologiques ont révélé des traces d'occupation humaine depuis l'Âge du bronze. Calton Hill accueille aujourd'hui le siège du gouvernement écossais, à St Andrew's House, sur son versant sud, avec le bâtiment du Parlement écossais. Le palais de Holyrood s'étend près du pied de la colline, où se trouvent des édifices tels que le Monument national d'Écosse, le Nelson Monument, l'Old Royal High School, le Robert Burns Monument et le City Observatory. Sur le versant sud de la colline, un cairn érigé le 10 avril 1998 par le mouvement Democracy for Scotland commémore la Veillée pour le Parlement écossais qui a duré 1980 jours et s'est achevée le 11 septembre 1997. Le monument surmonté d'un brasero incorpore plusieurs pierres liées à d'autres événements historiques, provenant notamment du cottage de Robert Burns à Mauchline, du château de Robert Ier à Lochmaben, du Ben Nevis, de Paris et du camp de concentration d'Auschwitz en Pologne, en mémoire de Jane Haining qui y est morte en 1944. C'est sur Calton Hill qu'a lieu chaque année, le 30 avril, le festival gaélique de Beltaine. Les vues de la colline sont souvent utilisées dans les photographies et les peintures de la ville.

1. Histoire

Le 23 juin 1942, le général de Gaulle a inauguré sur Calton Hill la « Maison de la France libre », devenue depuis lors la résidence du consul général de France à Édimbourg.

1. Réferences


1. Voir aussi


1. = Articles connexes =

Institut français d'Écosse Arthur's Seat

1. = Liens externes =

Ressources relatives à la géographie : Database of British and Irish Hills Peakbagger.com Portail de l’architecture et de l’urbanisme Portail de l’Écosse Portail du patrimoine mondial

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Dugald Stewart Monument

The Dugald Stewart Monument is a memorial to the Scottish Enlightenment philosopher Dugald Stewart (1753–1828). It is situated on Calton Hill overlooking the city of Edinburgh and was designed by Scottish architect William Henry Playfair.

Landmark Monument

Calton Hill (; Scottish Gaelic: Cnoc Coilltinn) is a hill in central Edinburgh, Scotland, situated beyond the east end of Princes Street and included in the city's UNESCO World Heritage Site. Views of, and from, the hill are often used in photographs and paintings of the city. Calton Hill is the headquarters of the Scottish Government, which is based at St Andrew's House, on the steep southern slope of the hill. The Scottish Parliament Building and other prominent buildings such as Holyrood Palace lie near the foot of the hill. Calton Hill is also the location of several monuments and buildings: the National Monument, the Nelson Monument, the Dugald Stewart Monument, the old Royal High School, the Robert Burns Monument, the Political Martyrs' Monument and the City Observatory. The area lies between the Edinburgh districts of Greenside and Abbeyhill.

Historic Site Landmark

National Monument of Scotland

The National Monument of Scotland, on Calton Hill in Edinburgh, is Scotland's national memorial to the Scottish soldiers and sailors who died fighting in the Napoleonic Wars. It was intended, according to the inscription, to be "A Memorial of the Past and Incentive to the Future Heroism of the Men of Scotland". The monument dominates the top of Calton Hill, just to the east of Princes Street. It was designed during 1823–1826 by Charles Robert Cockerell and William Henry Playfair and is modeled upon the Parthenon in Athens. Construction started in 1826 and, due to the lack of funds, was left unfinished in 1829. This circumstance gave rise to various nicknames such as "Scotland's Folly", "Edinburgh's Disgrace", "the Pride and Poverty of Scotland" and "Edinburgh's Folly".

Historic Site Landmark

Collective Gallery

Collective is a contemporary art centre in Edinburgh, Scotland. It is situated on Calton Hill, in the former City Observatory and City Dome site. It offers a programme of exhibitions, guided walking tours, audio walking tours, and events.

Art Landmark

City Observatory

The City Observatory was an astronomical observatory on Calton Hill in Edinburgh, Scotland. It is also known as the Calton Hill Observatory. The site is enclosed by a boundary wall with a monument to John Playfair, president of the Edinburgh Astronomical Institution, in the southeast corner. The oldest part is the Gothic Tower in the southwest corner, facing Princes Street and Edinburgh Castle. It is also known as Observatory House, the Old Observatory, or after its designer James Craig House. The central building with the appearance of a Greek temple is the Playfair Building, named after the building's designer William Henry Playfair. This houses the 6-inch (15 cm) refractor in its dome and the 6.4-inch (16 cm) transit telescope in its eastern wing. The largest dome of the site is the City Dome in the northeast corner. During the early 20th century this contained a 22-inch (56 cm) refractor. In 2018, the entire site was restored and new buildings were added. The City Observatory site was opened freely to the public for the first time on 24 November 2018 as the new site for Collective, a centre for contemporary art.

Art Landmark