Piñeiro, Buenos Aires

Piñeiro is a town in Avellaneda Partido of Buenos Aires Province, Argentina. It forms part of the urban agglomeration of Greater Buenos Aires.

1. Notes and references

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Viceroyalty of the Río de la Plata

The Viceroyalty of the Río de la Plata or Viceroyalty of Buenos Aires (Spanish: Virreinato del Río de la Plata or Virreinato de Buenos Aires or Spanish: Virreinato de las Provincias del Río de la Plata) meaning "River of the Silver", also called the "Viceroyalty of River Plate" in some scholarly writings, in southern South America, was the last to be organised and also the shortest-lived viceroyalty of the Spanish Empire in the Americas. The name "Provincias del Río de la Plata" was formally adopted in 1810 during the Cortes of Cádiz to designate the Viceroyalty of the Río de la Plata. The Viceroyalty was established in 1776 from several former Viceroyalty of Perú dependencies that mainly extended over the Río de la Plata Basin, roughly the present-day territories of Argentina, northern Chile, Bolivia, Paraguay and Uruguay, extending inland from the Atlantic Coast. The colony of Spanish Guinea (present-day Equatorial Guinea) also depended administratively on the Viceroyalty of Rio de la Plata. Buenos Aires, located on the western shore of the Río de la Plata estuary flowing into the Atlantic Ocean, opposite the Portuguese outpost of Colonia del Sacramento, was chosen as the capital. Usually considered one of the late Bourbon Reforms, the organization of this viceroyalty was motivated on both commercial grounds (Buenos Aires was by then a major spot for illegal trade), as well as on security concerns brought about by the growing interest of competing foreign powers in the area. The Spanish Crown wanted to protect its territory against Great Britain and the Kingdom of Portugal. But these Enlightenment reforms proved counterproductive, or perhaps too late, to quell the colonies' demands. The entire history of this Viceroyalty was marked by growing domestic unrest and political instability. Between 1780 and 1782, the Rebellion of Túpac Amaru II inspired a violent Aymara-led revolt across the Upper Peru highlands, demonstrating the great resentment against colonial authorities by both the mestizo and indigenous populations. Twenty-five years later, the Criollos, native-born people of Spanish descent, successfully defended against two successive British attempts to seize control of Buenos Aires and Montevideo. This enhanced their sense of autonomy and power at a time when Spanish troops were unable to help. In 1809, the Criollo elite revolted against colonial authorities at La Paz and Chuquisaca, establishing revolutionary governments or juntas. Although short-lived, retroversion of the sovereignty to the people provided a theoretical basis for the legitimacy of the locally based governments (temporarily in the absence of a legitimate king in Spain). These events proved decisive at the 1810 May Revolution events deposing Viceroy Cisneros at Buenos Aires. The name "Provincias del Río de la Plata" was formally adopted in 1810 during the Cortes of Cádiz to designate the Viceroyalty based on popular sovereignty. The revolution in Buenos Aires spread across the Spanish Provincias del Río de la Plata, against the resistance of Paraguay (which declared itself an independent nation in 1811) and the Upper Peru (which remained controlled by royalist troops from Lima, and was eventually re-incorporated into the Viceroyalty of Peru). Meanwhile, the Governor of Montevideo Francisco Javier de Elío, appointed as a new Viceroy by the Spanish Government in 1811, declared the Buenos Aires Junta seditious. However, after being defeated at Las Piedras, he retained control only of Colonia del Sacramento and Montevideo. He departed by ship to Spain on 18 November and resigned in January 1812. In 1814, the revolutionary patriots entered Montevideo, following a two-year-long siege. The Viceroyalty was disestablished in 1825 as Spanish political entity with the fall of Upper Peru and the death of the last Viceroy Pedro Antonio Olañeta.

Government Historic Site

United Provinces of the Río de la Plata

The United Provinces of the Río de la Plata (Spanish: Provincias Unidas del Río de la Plata), earlier known as the United Provinces of South America (Spanish: Provincias Unidas de Sudamérica), was a name adopted in 1816 by the Congress of Tucumán for the region of South America that declared independence in 1816, with the Sovereign Congress taking place in 1813, during the Argentine War of Independence (1810–1818) that began with the May Revolution in May of 1810. It originally comprised rebellious territories of the former Spanish Viceroyalty of the Río de la Plata dependencies and had Buenos Aires as its capital. The name Provincias del Río de la Plata (formally adopted during the Cortes of Cádiz to designate the Viceroyalty of the Río de la Plata) alludes to the Junta Provisional Gubernativa de las Provincias del Río de la Plata or Primera Junta. It is best known in Argentinean literature as Provincias Unidas del Río de la Plata ('United Provinces of the River Plate' i.e. 'river of silver'), this being the most common name (since 1811) in use for the country until the enactment of the 1826 Constitution. The Argentine National Anthem refers to the state as "the United Provinces of the South". The Constitution of Argentina recognises Provincias Unidas del Río de la Plata as one of the official names of the country, referred to as "Argentine Nation" (Nación Argentina) in modern legislation.

Government Landmark

Bosch Bridge

The Bosch Bridge is a bascule bridge in Buenos Aires, Argentina, that connects the Algarrobo street in Barracas neighborhood with the Barrio Piñeyro of Avellaneda Partido, crossing over Matanza River (popularly known as Riachuelo). The bridge carries vehicular, bicycle, and pedestrian traffic between both points. The bridge extends parallel to the General Roca Railway rail tracks between Hipólito Yrigoyen and Darío Santillán y Maximiliano Kosteki stations. Its structure is made of iron and was inaugurated on July 30, 1908. On July 12, 1930, at 6:05 am, an electric tram going to Lanús fell into the Riachuelo river after the driver ran straight without seeing the red light warning about the leaf raised due to the thick fog. 56 of a total of 60 passengers died, most of them working class people going to their jobs. The tramway accident was mentioned on Sherlock Time, a comic strip by writer Héctor Oesterheld and artist Alberto Breccia published in Hora Cero magazine. In the story, a group of relatives of the victims joined to recreate the accident and then sue the tram company. Nevertheless, Sherlock Time rescued them alive after realising it was a trap from a group of aliens to capture them. In 2001 the Bosch Bridge was closed because of its deterioration. The bridge was then refurbished by the Public Works Ministry of the City of Buenos Aires, which took charge of its maintenance. The bridge was re-opened to the public in June 2008, with height and weight restrictions for the vehicles (4.10 m and 12 tons respectively). Works had a cost of A$ 3,2 million. In September 2015 there was a proposal to adapt the Bosch Bridge for pedestrian use exclusively. The project was named "Puente de las Mariposas" ("Butterflies Bridge"), connecting the Design Metropolitan Center of Barracas with the Faculty of Environmental Sciences of Avellaneda.

Bridge Landmark

Racing Club de Avellaneda

Racing Club (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈrasin ˈkluβ]) is a professional sports club based in Avellaneda, Argentina. The institution is mostly known for its football team, which competes in the Primera División, the top tier of the Argentine football league system. Founded in 1903, the club joined the Argentine Football Association two years later and played its home matches at Alsina y Colón, the current site of its stadium, El Cilindro. Historically, it is regarded as one of the Big Five of Argentine football. Though mainly a football club, Racing also hosts other sports such as artistic gymnastics, basketball, beach soccer, boxing, chess, field hockey, futsal, handball, martial arts, roller skating, tennis, and volleyball. The club has won the Primera División 18 times, including an unmatched streak of seven consecutive titles—five of them unbeaten—between 1913 and 1919, becoming the first club in the world to achieve this and the only one in the Americas. It has also won 15 national cups, holding the record for the most titles in the Copa Ibarguren, Copa de Honor MCBA, Copa Beccar Varela, Copa Británica, and Trofeo de Campeones (SAF). On the international stage, the club has won eight titles—five organised by CONMEBOL and three jointly by the Argentine Football Association and Uruguayan Football Association—. These include the 1967 Copa Libertadores, the 1967 Intercontinental Cup, the 1988 Supercopa Libertadores, the 2024 Copa Sudamericana, and the 2025 Recopa Sudamericana. In footballing terms, the team is nicknamed La Academia (The Academy) because it was the most successful side during the amateur era, known for a creole style of play that set the standard and taught its rivals how the game should be played. It is also known as El Primer Grande (The First 'Big'), as it was the first of the Big Five to win a league title, a national cup, and an international trophy. Moreover, it was the first Argentine club to win the World Championship (Intercontinental Cup), achieving this historic milestone in 1967. Its traditional colours are sky blue and white, chosen as a tribute to the flag of Argentina. Its neighbours and main rivals are Independiente with whom it contests the Avellaneda Derby. Nevertheless, matches against the other three members of the Big Five (Boca Juniors, River Plate, and San Lorenzo) are also regarded as classics. Currently has 103,422 active club members.

Basketball Soccer