Van Ness Avenue (San Francisco)

Van Ness Avenue est une rue de la ville de San Francisco.

1. Situation et accès

D'orientation nord-sud, cette voie va de Market Street à McDowell Avenue au Fort Mason sur la baie de San Francisco.

1. Origine du nom

Elle rend honneur au septième maire de San Francisco James Van Ness (en).

1. Historique

Avant le tremblement de terre de San Francisco en 1906, cette avenue était connue comme « le plus grand boulevard de la ville, bordé de manoirs victoriens et d’églises impressionnantes ». Après la catastrophe, l'armée américaine a transformé la rue en pare-feu, détruisant presque tous les bâtiments du côté est pour empêcher, avec succès, la progression de l’incendie vers l’ouest et sauver le reste de la ville. Avant le tremblement de terre de San Francisco en 1906, Van Ness Avenue était connue comme « le plus grand boulevard de la ville, bordé de manoirs victoriens et d’églises impressionnantes » (San Francisco Chronicle). Après le tremblement de terre, la rue a été utilisée comme pare-feu par l’armée américaine, dynamitant presque tous les bâtiments de son côté est dans une tentative finalement réussie d’empêcher la tempête de feu de se propager à l'ouest à toute la ville. Son premier nom était « Marlette Street » avant d'adopter son appellation actuelle.

1. Bâtiments remarquables et lieux de mémoire

Les principaux bâtiments publics qui se trouvent le long de cette avenue sont l'hôtel-de-ville, le War Memorial Opera House et le Louise M. Davies Symphony Hall (en).

1. Annexes


1. Notes et références

(en) Cet article est partiellement ou en totalité issu de l’article de Wikipédia en anglais intitulé « Van Ness Avenue » (voir la liste des auteurs).

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Pumping Station No. 2 San Francisco Fire Department Auxiliary Water Supply System

The Pumping Station No. 2 of the San Francisco Fire Department Auxiliary Water Supply System was built in 1912. It is located near Fort Mason, at the northern end of Van Ness Avenue and close to the shore of the San Francisco Bay. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1976. The listing included a contributing building and three contributing structures. It is a crucial component of the San Francisco Fire Department Auxiliary Water Supply System, which provided a water-supply system separate from the domestic water supply system. It was designed by City Engineer Marsden Manson and was built by contractor Caldwell & Co. The building is in Mission Revival style, and has large windows (about 12 feet (3.7 m) wide and about 20 feet (6.1 m) from sill to top of arch).

Fire Station Historic Site

Fort Mason

Fort Mason, in San Francisco, California is a former United States Army post located in the northern Marina District, alongside San Francisco Bay. Fort Mason served as an Army post for more than 100 years, initially as a coastal defense site and subsequently as a military port facility. During World War II, it was the principal port for the Pacific campaign. Fort Mason originated as a coastal defense site during the American Civil War. The nucleus of the property was owned by John C. Frémont and disputes over compensation by the United States continued into 1968. In 1882 the defenses were named for Richard Barnes Mason, a military governor before statehood. Fort Mason became the headquarters for an Army command that included California and the Hawaiian Islands from 1904 to 1907. In 1912 the Army began building a port facility with piers and warehouses to be a home base for ships of the Army Transport Service serving Alaska, Hawaii, the Philippines and other Pacific Army posts and focus of Army supply for the Pacific. On 6 May 1932 that port facility was designated the San Francisco Port of Embarkation, modeled on the New York Port of Embarkation which supplied U.S. Army forces in World War I, to serve the Pacific. Fort Mason then became both the headquarters of the command that was the San Francisco Port of Embarkation and an element of that command. The San Francisco Port of Embarkation assumed responsibility for the Army Transport Service, the San Francisco General Quartermaster Depot at Fort Mason and the Overseas Replacement and Discharge Service at Fort McDowell, California. When war came to Europe in 1939 the New York Port of Embarkation was again operating as a port of embarkation on a World War I scale with associated camps and facilities and sub ports soon to be established. On the Pacific only the port at San Francisco was operating. The Army recognized that the relatively small port facility at Fort Mason was inadequate for supporting major wartime operations in the Pacific. In early 1941 the Army began acquiring land and facilities for major expansion in Oakland, Seattle and elsewhere in the San Francisco area. By the end of the war Fort Mason and thirteen other facilities composed the San Francisco Port of Embarkation. The San Francisco Port of Embarkation was the second largest of eight Ports of Embarkation through World War II and was disestablished 1 October 1955. It then became headquarters for the Pacific Transportation Terminal Command. Today it is part of the Golden Gate National Recreation Area and the site of several cultural facilities. The entire fort area is listed as a historic district on the National Register of Historic Places, with 49 buildings of historic significance, spread over 1,200 acres (490 ha). while the lower port area is a National Historic Landmark District, designated for its role in World War II.

Historic Site Landmark

Galilee (ship)

Galilee was a brigantine, built in 1891, designed by Matthew Turner. She started on the packet line between San Francisco and Tahiti and was reckoned a very fast ship. In 1905 she was chartered by the Carnegie Institution's Department of Terrestrial Magnetism and converted into a magnetic observatory. She was used to make observations of Earth's magnetic field on three cruises over a period of three years from 1905 to 1908 in the Pacific Ocean. Problems with magnetic materials that it had not been possible to replace on Galilee, led to the building of the Carnegie in 1909, which was constructed with virtually no magnetic materials. Galilee was later rigged as a schooner, had a diesel engine fitted and was used in the fishing industry before being beached in 1933, ending her active career. The stern and part of the bow are preserved in two different places in California.

Landmark Maritime

Aquatic Park Historic District

Aquatic Park Historic District is a National Historic Landmark and building complex on the San Francisco Bay waterfront within San Francisco Maritime National Historical Park. The district includes a beach, bathhouse, municipal pier, restrooms, concessions stand, stadia, and two speaker towers.

Beach Landmark

San Francisco Maritime National Historical Park

The San Francisco Maritime National Historical Park is located in San Francisco, California, United States. The park includes a fleet of historic vessels, a visitor center, a maritime museum, and a library/research facility. Formerly referred to as the San Francisco Maritime Museum, the collections were acquired by the National Park Service in 1978. The San Francisco Maritime National Historical Park was authorized in 1988; the maritime museum is among the park's many cultural resources. The park also incorporates the Aquatic Park Historic District, bounded by Van Ness Avenue, Polk Street, and Hyde Street.

Library Maritime