Château de Scarborough

Le château de Scarborough est une ancienne forteresse royale du Moyen Âge, située sur un promontoire rocheux surplombant la mer du Nord, à Scarborough, Yorkshire du Nord, en Angleterre. Le site comprend un habitat de l'âge du fer, un poste de guet romain, un établissement anglo-scandinave comportant une chapelle, ainsi qu'une enceinte du XIIe et une batterie du XVIIIe siècle, l'ensemble formant un scheduled monument d'importance nationale. Les fortifications d'un château en bois ont été établies vers 1130, mais le présent château fort en pierre date des années 1150. Au fil des siècles, plusieurs autres structures ont été ajoutées, avec la volonté des différents monarques médiévaux de renforcer massivement cette importante forteresse qui gardait les côtes du Yorkshire et préservait le port de commerce de Scarborough d'éventuelles invasions écossaises ou continentales. Le château a été fortifié et défendu pendant les différentes guerres civiles, les sièges et les conflits qui opposaient les rois aux barons locaux, puis face à la rébellion et aux affrontements républicains, jusqu'à la conclusion de la paix avec l'Écosse et la fin des guerres civiles et continentales dans le courant du XVIIe siècle, qui ont conduit à son déclin. Le château de Scarborough est devenu un important site touristique à la fin du XIXe siècle.

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Scarborough Castle

Scarborough Castle is a former medieval royal fortress situated on a rocky promontory overlooking the North Sea and Scarborough, North Yorkshire, England. The site of the castle, encompassing the Iron Age settlement, Roman signal station, an Anglo-Scandinavian settlement and chapel, the 12th-century enclosure castle and 18th-century battery, is a scheduled monument of national importance. Fortifications for a wooden castle were built in the 1130s, but the present stone castle dates from the 1150s. Over the centuries, several other structures were added, with medieval monarchs investing heavily in what was then an important fortress that guarded the Yorkshire coastline, Scarborough's port trade, and the north of England from Scottish or continental invasion. It was fortified and defended during various civil wars, sieges and conflicts, as kings fought with rival barons, faced rebellion and clashed with republican forces, though peace with Scotland and the conclusion of civil and continental wars in the 17th century led to its decline in importance. Once occupied by garrisons and governors who often menaced the town, the castle has been a ruin since the sieges of the English Civil War, but attracts many visitors to climb the battlements, take in the views and enjoy the accompanying interactive exhibition and special events run by English Heritage.

Great Siege of Scarborough Castle

The Great Siege of Scarborough Castle was a major conflict for control of one of England's most important stone fortresses during the First English Civil War fought between the Parliamentarians and the Royalists loyal to King Charles I. In February 1645, Parliamentarians laid siege to Scarborough Castle. For five months, they bombarded it, destroying most of the keep, and engaged in bloody fighting before the defenders finally surrendered. This was a significant though not permanent victory. There was a second, far less bloody and destructive, siege later in 1648 when the new garrison switched sides. The castle finally came under Parliamentarian control in 1649, and remained so until the Restoration (1660). (The castle actually changed hands seven times between 1642 and 1648.)

45 Quay Street

45 Quay Street is a historic building in Scarborough, North Yorkshire, a town in England. Quay Street was probably laid out in the 13th century, to provide access to the town's new harbour. 45 Quay Street was probably constructed around 1500 as part of a much larger building, which may have included what is now the Three Mariners. It was converted into the Dog and Duck public house at an early date. The building was restored in the early 20th century, and much of the infill was replaced with herringbone brick. It has now been incorporated into the neighbouring New Lancaster pub. The building was grade II* listed in 1953. The building is timber framed, with brick and some plaster infill and a tile roof. It has two storeys, the upper storey on the west front jettied, with a moulded bressumer and a corner bracket. On the ground floor is a doorway and a canted bay window, and the windows elsewhere are casements.

Three Mariners

The Three Mariners is a historic building in Scarborough, North Yorkshire, a town in England. The building was constructed in the 15th or 16th century. It was originally a much larger building, perhaps part of the same structure as 45 Quay Street, although the two are now separate. It is a timber framed building, but in the late 17th century the external walls were rebuilt in brick, in the Artisan Mannerist style. The front door and some of the windows were replaced in the 18th century. The building became a public house named the "Blockmakers Arms", in reference to the local shipbuilding industry. It was later renamed the "Three Mariners", and became popular with local artists in the Victorian period. In the early 20th century, it was converted into a museum, and a figurehead was installed above the side entrance. Later in the century, the museum closed, and it was converted into a house. The building has been grade II* listed since 1953. The building has a timber framed core enclosed in red brick , leaving the west front exposed with brick infill. It has two storeys and four bays, a plinth, a moulded brick eaves cornice, and a pantile roof. The doorway in the left bay has an architrave, a false oblong fanlight, a frieze with fluting and roundels, and a cornice and pediment on small brackets. Above the ground floor are four pediments in moulded brick on a string course in moulded brick, and in the right bay is a carved brick roundel ornament on both floors. The windows on the ground flor are sashes, and the upper floor contains a small window in the left bay, and two mullioned and transomed casement windows in the middle bays. Inside, the front ground floor room has panelling from around 1700.

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2 Quay Street

2 Quay Street is a historic building in Scarborough, North Yorkshire, a town in England. Quay Street was probably laid out in the 13th century, to provide access to the town's new harbour. 2 Quay Street was probably constructed in the late 15th century, where the road meets Whitehead Hill. In the 18th century, sash windows were installed. The building was originally three storeys high, but in the 20th century, the top floor was removed. The building was restored in 1965, at which time the windows were replaced, and the external plasterwork was removed to reveal timber framing. The building has been grade II* listed since 1953. The house is timber framed with roughcast infill, probably sitting on a stone base, and has a pantile roof. It has two storeys and an attic. The gable end faces the street, and the attic is jettied on curved brackets. On the ground floor is a doorway and to the right is a bow window with a frieze and a cornice. Above it are two modern windows, and on the attic and left return are casement windows.