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South Head (Peak District)
South Head is a gritstone hill between the villages of Hayfield and Chinley in the Derbyshire Peak District. The summit is 494 metres (1,621 ft) above sea level. It lies at the south of the head of the River Sett. The hilltop area was acquired by the National Trust in the 1980s and is designated as access land for the public. South Head farmstead was recorded in the 1640 plans of the waste and commons of Hayfield. The Pennine Bridleway runs along the north and east sides of South Head. Since 2005, there has been an annual fell race each May from Hayfield around Mount Famine and South Head. South Head is one of the 95 Ethels hills of the Peak District, launched by the countryside charity CPRE in 2021.
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621 m
Mount Famine
Mount Famine is a gritstone hill between the villages of Hayfield and Chinley in the Derbyshire Peak District, England. The summit is 473 metres (1,552 ft) above sea level. The hill's name originates from the period of the inclosure acts (from the late 18th century) when tenant farmers struggled to make a living from poor farming land.
A round Bronze Age burial mound on the west side of the hill is about 20 metres (66 ft) wide. It was identified by J Barnatt in 2014.
The hilltop area was acquired by the National Trust in 2006 and is designated as access land for the public.
The Pennine Bridleway runs along the south and west sides of Mount Famine. Since 2005, there has been an annual fell race each May from Hayfield around Mount Famine and South Head.
Mount Famine is one of the 95 Ethels hills of the Peak District, launched by the countryside charity CPRE in 2021.
1.9 km
Chinley, Buxworth and Brownside
Chinley, Buxworth and Brownside is a civil parish within the High Peak district, which is in the county of Derbyshire, England. Partially rural with several villages contained within, its population was 2,794 residents in the 2021 census. The parish is 150 miles (240 km) north west of London, 35 miles (56 km) north west of the county city of Derby, and 1+1⁄3 miles (2.1 km) north of the nearest market town of Chapel-en-le-Frith. Being close to the edge of the county border, it shares a boundary with the parishes of Chapel-en-le-Frith, Edale, Hayfield, New Mills and Whaley Bridge. A substantial portion of the parish is within the Peak District national park.
2.2 km
New Smithy
New Smithy is a hamlet in the civil parish of Chinley, Buxworth and Brownside, Derbyshire, England, near the village of Chinley. It sits on the A624 trunk road from Glossop to Chapel-en-le-Frith featuring a TOTSO where left carries one down to Chapel and right heads to Chinley. There is a railway bridge over the turning, used for both freight and passengers, on the Hope Valley Line to Sheffield and Manchester; very close down the line is Chinley railway station. Next to this the Crown & Mitre pub, now converted into residential flats, is the main landmark and there are a couple of residential housing streets and terraces, and one or two businesses.
Its name comes from the construction of the twin Chapel Milton Viaducts nearby; horses were used during the construction and were shod here (a smithy is a blacksmith's forge). The hamlet has an industrial past, along with the neighbouring village of Hayfield. New Smithy's Maynestone Mill was finally demolished in 1946, almost 500 years after it was opened in 1452.
New Smithy is in a hilly area (being in the Peak District); geographical features include Bole Hill, Mount Famine, South Head, Eccles Pike, Mag Low, Chinley Churn, the River Sett and Combs Reservoir.
2.2 km
Forest of High Peak
The Forest of High Peak was, in medieval times, a moorland forest covering most of the north west of Derbyshire, England, extending as far south as Tideswell and Buxton. From the time of the Norman Conquest it was established as a royal hunting reserve, administered by William Peverel, a follower of William I, who was based at Peveril Castle. The Royal Forest of Peak was bounded by the River Goyt to the west, the River Wye to the south, the River Derwent to the east and the River Etherow to the north. In 1305 it covered about 100 square miles.
The south western area between the River Wye and Kinder Scout was relatively open country, which was enclosed by a low wall, sufficient to keep out cattle and sheep but allow the deer to roam. The area was known as Campana, the other two being Hopedale and Longdendale. The point where they met is to this day marked by Edale Cross.
As well as his custodianship of the Forest, William also held a number of manors that formed part of what was recorded in the Domesday Survey as the Honour of Peverel. His son, also William, was granted a number of further manors, such that the Peverels could regard it as their demesne, apart from the manors of Muchedeswell and Tickhill which belonged to Henry de Ferrers.
However, in 1154 the estate was confiscated by King Henry II who rebuilt Peveril Castle in 1176. In 1189 Richard I gave the honour of the Peak to John the Count of Mortain. Later Edward II bestowed it briefly to his favourite Piers de Gaveston and then under Edward II it passed in 1345 to John de Warenne, Earl of Surrey. John died in 1347 and it passed to Edward's wife Philippa of Hainault. Finally in 1372 it was granted to John of Gaunt, 1st Duke of Lancaster. When his son Henry IV ascended the throne the Honour of the Peak passed to the crown along with all the other holdings of the Duchy of Lancaster, such as Duffield Frith. Subsequently, the manor and forest of High Peak were leased in perpetuity to the dukes of Devonshire.
Records document the deer, wild pigs, wolves, horses and sheep in the forest. Anyone caught breaking the laws of the forest was taken to the Peak Castle at Castleton, from where the High Steward administered the forest. The present village of Peak Forest is at the heart of the area of the old royal forest and was formerly known as Chamber of Campana. The nearby Chamber Farm or Chamber Knoll may have been the exact location of the residence and meeting place of local forest officials.