Le jardin botanique d'Iéna (Botanischer Garten Jena) est un jardin botanique situé à Iéna en Allemagne. C'est le deuxième jardin botanique à avoir été fondé en Allemagne, puisqu'il a été créé en 1586 en tant qu'« hortus medicus », après celui de Leipzig qui date de 1580. Le jardin botanique d'Iéna est administré par l'université d'Iéna et s'étend sur 4,5 hectares.
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The Botanischer Garten Jena is the second oldest botanical garden in Germany, maintained by the University of Jena and located at Fürstengraben 26, Jena, Thuringia, Germany. It is open daily; an admission fee is charged.
The garden was first established in 1586 as a hortus medicus, six years after the establishment of the Botanical Garden in Leipzig in 1580. In 1630 it was rearranged and expanded significantly by Professor Werner Rolfinck who had previously studied at the Orto botanico di Padova. In 1640 a second section was donated, and a catalog from 1659 documents over 1300 plants in the two gardens. In 1662 the original garden was expanded, with the first heated greenhouse added in 1674, at which time the garden first began to maintain a collection of tropical plants.
In 1770 the garden introduced Linnean taxonomy, and in 1776 Goethe began his association with the garden and helped organize the Jena Institute of botany; over subsequent decades he often studied botany and wrote poems in the garden. Although the garden area was only 1.3 hectares at this time, purchases recorded in 1794 include Buxus sempervirens, Juniperus sabina, Periploca graeca, Sambucus racemosa, and Thuja occidentalis. Several years later, additional purchases included amaryllis, cacti, succulent Euphorbia, Pelargonium, and Zantedeschia. The garden's first published catalog issued in 1795.
Unfortunately, the garden was severely damaged in 1806 in the Napoleonic Battle of Jena-Auerstedt, and its recovery was long and slow. By 1819 the garden contained only some 50 potted plants in one greenhouse and approximately 200 outdoor plants. However, in 1820 an additional greenhouse was constructed, and the existing greenhouses reorganized to become an orangery, palm house, and cold house. The garden was thoroughly reworked between 1877 and 1879, after which it contained 2020 species from 85 families as well as a medicinal garden and 13 groups of potted plants from geographically distinct regions. As of 1966 this number had grown substantially to about 2000 families, to which were added a further 300 families in a new alpine plant collection.
Today the garden contains about 12,000 plants. Its outdoor areas include an arboretum containing about 900 species of deciduous and coniferous trees and shrubs; an alpine garden representing approximately 2,500 species; a systematic garden organized by contemporary taxonomy; a collection of medicinal and useful plants; a small hill and pond; and a collection of rhododendrons, roses, and dahlias. Its five greenhouses are as follows: cactus and succulent house; cold house for the transitional zone between tropics and subtropics; palm and tropical house; "evolution" house with ancient plant forms including cycads and tree ferns; and a tropical aquatic house which contains Victoria cruziana, mangroves, epiphytes, etc.
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The Zeiss-Planetarium in Jena, Germany, is the oldest continuously operating planetarium in the world.
Engineered by German engineer Walther Bauersfeld, the building was opened on 18 July 1926.
The Zeiss-Planetarium is a projection planetarium; the planets and fixed stars are projected onto the inner surface of a white cupola.
It is owned and operated by the Ernst-Abbe-Stiftung.
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The Johannistor is the only remaining preserved city gate of the city of Jena, Thuringia, Germany. As part of the medieval city wall, it is connected to the Pulverturm via a reconstructed walkway. The outer gate remained in existence until the beginning of the nineteenth century, when it was demolished as a result of increasing traffic. Until the houses lining the south side of Johannisstrasse were demolished in 1968, the Johannistor remained the only western entrance to the old town of Jena.
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The Hilprecht Collection, is a private collection of archaeological artifacts from Western Asia housed at the Institute for Languages and Cultures of the Near East at the Friedrich Schiller University Jena. The collection comprises around 3,300 artifacts, including about 3,000 cuneiform texts spanning nearly 3,000 years and representing almost all periods and genres.
The collection primarily derives from the estate of the German-American Assyriologist and archaeologist Hermann Volrath Hilprecht. Its most famous artifact is the Map of Nippur, dating to the mid-2nd millennium BCE, considered the oldest known city map in human history. After the Vorderasiatisches Museum in Berlin, the Hilprecht Collection is the most extensive of its kind in Germany.
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Jardin botanique d'Iéna
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Il comprend une serre tropicale. Plus de douze mille espèces y sont cultivées.
