Boulevard des Belges

Location Quiz Nearby Places Situation et accès Origine du nom Historique Bâtiments remarquables et lieux de mémoire Bibliographie

Le boulevard des Belges est une voie publique de la commune française de Rouen.

Location

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Nearby Places

Rue du Gros-Horloge

The Rue du Gros-Horloge is the main public pedestrian thoroughfare in the French city of Rouen.

Landmark Plaza

La Couronne

La Couronne, founded in 1345, claims to be the oldest inn in France; however, no contemporary documentation supports this claim. It is located in Rouen, capital of the region of Normandy. It is in the historic city center and the dining room on the 1st floor contains paintings of personalities. In 1948, the restaurant served chef and author Julia Child her first French meal, which was said to inspire her to devote her life to promoting French cooking.

Landmark Restaurant

Church of St Joan of Arc

The Church of Saint Joan of Arc is a Catholic church in the city centre of Rouen, northern France. The church of Saint Joan of Arc was completed in 1979 in the centre of the ancient market square, known as the Place du Vieux-Marché, the place where Joan of Arc was burned at the stake for heresy in 1431. A small garden, Le Bucher, which is outside and to the north of the church marks the exact spot. The modern church Sainte-Jeanne d'Arc and the adjacent market halls were designed by the architect Louis Arretche, who was commissioned in 1969. The sweeping curves of the structure are meant to evoke both the flames that consumed Joan of Arc and an overturned longship. Many early Christian churches were designed in the shape of an overturned boat. The market halls simultaneously resemble smaller overturned boats and fish with gaping mouths, which are also rich Christian symbols. The tiled roof echoes this theme and forms a covered walkway over the square.

Church Landmark

Siege of Rouen

The siege of Rouen was an unsuccessful attempt by Henry IV of France to capture Rouen, the historical capital city of Normandy. The battle took place as part of the French Wars of Religion, the Eighty Years' War, and the Anglo–Spanish War. Although he had claimed the throne in 1589, Henry, a Huguenot, was not recognized by many of his Catholic subjects. He was forced to fight against a Catholic League determined to resist his rule, and which was aided by Spain. The siege began on 11 November 1591 with Robert Devereux, 2nd Earl of Essex confronting the town's governor, André de Brancas, Seigneur de Villars, "with the sort of chivalric gesture which still was made on Europe's battlefields" and "challenged Villars to meet him in individual combat." At Rouen the combined French, English, and Dutch forces of Henry IV battled the troops of the Catholic League, commanded by Villars, and the Spanish forces led by Don Alexander Farnese, Duke of Parma. The city resisted until the arrival of the Spanish troops, which defeated and forced the Protestant forces to lift the siege. As historian John Lothrop Motley described the abandonment, "Henry did not wait for the attack. He had changed his plan, and, for once in his life, substituted extreme caution for his constitutional temerity. Neither awaiting the assault upon his entrenchments nor seeking his enemy in the open field, he ordered the whole camp to be broken up, and on the 20th of April, raised the siege."

Event Historic Site

Siege of Rouen

The siege of Rouen was a key military engagement of the first French War of Religion. After having been seized by those opposing the crown on 16 April, the siege, beginning on 28 May and culminating on 26 October brought the important city of Rouen back into the crown's control. The fall of Rouen would set the stage for the main battle of the war at Dreux several months later.

Historic Site Landmark

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Situation et accès

Il est situé en rive droite de la Seine, dans le prolongement, légèrement désaxé, du pont Guillaume-le-Conquérant. Avec les boulevards de l'Yser, de la Marne et de Verdun (tous faisant référence à la Première Guerre mondiale), il permet de desservir le Vieux Rouen.

Rues adjacentes

Origine du nom

Il porte ce nom en hommage à l'attitude de la nation belge au début de la Première Guerre mondiale.

Historique

Autrefois s'y trouvaient la Préfecture de Seine-Inférieure, les Archives départementales ainsi qu'un bureau de poste. Le boulevard fut anciennement appelé « boulevard du Vieux-Palais », puis « boulevard Cauchoise », puis renommé « boulevard des Belges » le 16 octobre 1914 par le conseil municipal. Le boulevard est partiellement détruit par des bombardements du 27 mai au 4 juin 1944 et du 25 au 27 août 1944. On y trouve aujourd'hui le siège des Affiches de Normandie (no 86-94). La radio France Bleu Haute-Normandie s'y trouvait au no 45 jusqu'en novembre 2010. Le 4 mars 2010, un incendie détruit les combles d'un immeuble (no 72) à l'angle de la rue de Crosne.

Bâtiments remarquables et lieux de mémoire

no 29 : Georges Conrad y est mort. no 46 : Lucie Guérin y a vécu. no 47 : loué par Jean-Baptiste Rondeaux vers 1830. Habité par Alphonse Cordier vers 1880 et par Pierre Le Verdier vers 1901. no 49 : Vincent Cibiel (1797-1871) y a vécu ; Marie Lannelongue (1836-1906) et Alfred Cibiel (1841-1914) y sont nés. Étienne Nétien (1820-1883) y est mort. Théodore Émile Leudet y a vécu. no 51 : a été la propriété du maire Henry Barbet. Utilisé comme hôpital par la Croix-Rouge britannique pendant la Première Guerre mondiale. no 53 : Emmanuel Blanche y a vécu. Loué par l'architecte Pierre Chirol en 1913.

Bibliographie

Jean-Pierre Chaline, « Boulevard des Belges : images d'un massacre », dans Bulletin des Amis des monuments rouennais, octobre 1999-septembre 2000. Olivier Chaline (dir.), Les Hôtels particuliers de Rouen, Rouen, Société des Amis des monuments rouennais, 2002, 224 p. (ISBN 978-2-9509804-9-6, OCLC 469254974), p. 118-120. Yvon Pailhès, Rouen : un passé toujours présent… : rues, monuments, jardins, personnages, Luneray, Bertout, 1994, 285 p. (ISBN 978-2-86743-219-4, OCLC 466680895), p. 142-143. Nicétas Périaux, Aurélien Coudurier (coordinateur mise en ligne et correcteur), Hélène Chéron (correcteur), Gwendoline Jouenne (correcteur) et Martine Rouleau (correcteur), Dictionnaire indicateur et historique des rues et places de Rouen : revue de ses monuments et de ses établissements publics (rééd. numérique de l'éd. A. Le Brument, 1870), Bernay, Gérard Monfort, 2012 (réimpr. 1972) (1re éd. 1870), 672 p. (lire en ligne [htlm]), « Cauchoise (boulevard) », p. 101. Patrice Quéréel (préf. Patrice Pusateri et Michel Nouvellon), XXe un siècle d'architectures à Rouen, Rouen, ASI, 2001, 157 p. (ISBN 978-2-912461-03-2), p. 38-39. Patrice Quéréel (préf. Patrice Pusateri et Michel Nouvellon), XXe un siècle d'architectures à Rouen, Rouen, ASI, 2001, 157 p. (ISBN 978-2-912461-03-2), p. 138-139.

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