Unterseeboot UC-70

L'Unterseeboot UC-70 est un sous-marin (U-Boot) mouilleur de mines allemand de type UC II utilisé par la Kaiserliche Marine pendant la Première Guerre mondiale. Le U-boot a été commandé le 12 janvier 1916 et lancé le 7 août 1916. Il a été mis en service dans la marine impériale allemande le 20 novembre 1916 sous le nom de UC-70. Au cours de dix patrouilles, l'UC-70 a coulé 33 navires, soit par ses torpilles, soit par les mines qu’il a posées. Le 28 août 1918, l'UC-70 est repéré immergé, posé sur le fond marin, et attaqué par un avion de patrouille maritime Blackburn Kangaroo du No. 246 Squadron de la Royal Air Force, puis il coulé par des charges de profondeur du destroyer britannique HMS Ouse. L’épave est une épave protégée gérée par Historic England.

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Sandsend Ness

Sandsend Ness is an old alum quarrying site close to Whitby in North Yorkshire, England. Beneath extensive deposits of grey pyritic shale a thin band of sideritic mudstone is present at this site and there is a further 6 metres (20 ft) of almost non-bituminous shale beneath it. This geological configuration, along with its proximity to the port of Whitby, offered Sandsend near-ideal conditions for the rapidly expanding alum industry from the early 17th century onwards. So wide-scale and prolonged were these activities, that significant areas of the Yorkshire coast were permanently altered. The double sulphate of aluminium and either potassium or ammonia is commonly known as alum. This material was of great importance through to the late 19th century in leather tanning and in the wool dying industry. Even today it is still used in some places as a mordant (dye fixative). Fossils are present in large numbers in the deposits, including ammonites such as Hildoceras bifrons and Dactylioceras bifrons and also Ichthyosaur and Plesiosaur remains, though the latter are nowadays much less commonly found. In fact, the ammonite Hildoceras is named after an early Christian saint, the Abbess of Whitby St. Hild or Hilda (614–680). It was believed that such ammonite fossils were the snakes which had been miraculously turned into stone by St. Hilda. It was not unknown for local "artisans" to carve snakes' heads onto ammonites, and sell these "relics" as proof of the miracle. The coat of arms of nearby Whitby actually include three such 'snakestones'.

Sandsend Tunnel

Sandsend Tunnel is a tunnel on the former Whitby, Redcar and Middlesbrough Union Railway that was opened in 1883 and closed in 1958. The rail line that ran through it was originally intended to travel along the top of the cliffs, however some of the cliff fell into the sea whilst construction was suspended so the NER constructed two tunnels, the Sandsend Tunnel and the Kettleness Tunnel. The Sandsend Tunnel is the longer of two tunnels being 1,652 yards (0.94 miles) in length. It is predominantly straight but the north-western 300 yards incorporate a curve to the north. There are a total of five air shafts, two of which have nearby service galleries leading off horizontally to the cliffs which were used to dump spoil while carving out the tunnels, the air shafts were capped in 1958. The southern half of the tunnel is considerably damp with the tunnel being flooded to about 6 inches on the southern 300 yards. The southern portal of the Sandsend Tunnel is bricked up and it can only be accessed via the northern portal of the Kettleness Tunnel by walking through the Kettleness Tunnel and the area between the tunnels which is overgrown with grass and trees. The northern portal of the Sandsend Tunnel partially collapsed in 2008 after years of pressure from the cliff above.

Goldsborough, Lythe

Goldsborough is a small hamlet in the civil parish of Lythe, North Yorkshire, England within the North York Moors National Park. It is situated a few miles west of Whitby. From 1974 to 2023 it was part of the Borough of Scarborough, it is now administered by the unitary North Yorkshire Council. It was the site of a Roman signal station.

Kettleness railway station

Kettleness was a railway station on the Whitby, Redcar and Middlesbrough Union Railway from 1883 to 1958 serving the remote village of Kettleness. The main station building is still extant and serves as a scouting centre.

Kettleness

Kettleness, is a hamlet in the county of North Yorkshire, England. The settlement only consists of half-a-dozen houses, but up until the early 19th century, it was a much larger village. However, most of that village, which was on the headland, slipped into the sea as a result of instability caused by quarrying for the alum industry. Kettleness became a smaller settlement, with houses rebuilt slightly further inland. Historically, the hamlet has had an alum works, a jet mining industry and ironstone workings. The hamlet used to have a railway station on the Whitby, Redcar and Middlesbrough Union Railway, that was open between 1883 and 1958. Kettleness is recorded within the parish of Lythe for census purposes. From 1974 to 2023 it was part of the Borough of Scarborough, it is now administered by the unitary North Yorkshire Council.