Château de Newcastle upon Tyne

Le château de Newcastle, est une fortification médiévale de Newcastle upon Tyne, en Angleterre, construite sur le site de la forteresse qui a donné son nom à la ville de Newcastle. Les structures les plus importantes qui subsistent sur le site sont le donjon du château, la principale tour fortifiée en pierre du château, et la porte noire, sa porte fortifiée. L'utilisation du site à des fins défensives remonte à l'époque romaine, où il abritait un fort et une colonie appelée Pons Aelius, surveillant un pont sur la rivière Tyne. Robert II de Normandie, fils aîné de Guillaume le Conquérant, construisit en 1080 une motte castrale en bois sur l'emplacement du fort romain. Robert II construisit ce 'New Castle upon Tyne' après son retour d'une campagne contre Malcolm III en Écosse. Henri II a lui construit le donjon du château en pierre entre 1172 et 1177 sur le site de cette motte castrale. Henri III ajouta la Porte noire entre 1247 et 1250. Il ne reste plus ni le fort romain ni la motte castrale d'origine. Le donjon est un bâtiment classé au grade I et un Scheduled monument. Le Donjon et la Porte noire datent d'avant la construction du mur d'enceinte de la ville de Newcastle, dont la construction a commencé vers 1265, sans l'inclure. Le site du donjon se trouve au centre de Newcastle et se situe à l’est de la gare de Newcastle . Le fossé de 75 pieds (22,86 m) entre le Donjon et la Porte est presque entièrement comblé par le viaduc de chemin de fer qui porte la voie East Coast Main Line de Newcastle vers l'Écosse . Le Donjon et la Porte Noire sont désormais gérés par le projet Old Newcastle dans le cadre du partenariat «Heart of the City» en tant qu’attraction touristique combinée, le «château de Newcastle».

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The Castle, Newcastle

The Castle, Newcastle, or Newcastle Castle is a medieval fortification in Newcastle upon Tyne, England, built on the site of the fortress that gave the City of Newcastle its name. The most prominent remaining structures on the site are the Castle Keep (the castle's main fortified stone tower, pictured below right), and the Black Gate, its fortified gatehouse. Use of the site for defensive purposes dates from Roman times, when it housed a fort and settlement called Pons Aelius (meaning 'bridge of (Publius) Aelius (Hadrianus)' - the Roman emperor Hadrian), guarding a bridge over the River Tyne. Robert Curthose, eldest son of William the Conqueror, in 1080 built a wooden motte-and-bailey-style castle on the site of the Roman fort. Curthose built this 'New Castle upon Tyne' after he returned south from a campaign against Malcolm III of Scotland. Henry II built the stone Castle Keep between 1172 and 1177 on the site of Curthose's castle. Henry III added the Black Gate between 1247 and 1250. Nothing remains above ground of the Roman fort or the original motte-and-bailey castle. The Keep is a Grade I listed building, and a scheduled monument. The Castle Keep and Black Gate pre-date the construction of the Newcastle town wall, construction of which started around 1265, and did not include it. The site of the keep is in the centre of Newcastle and lies to the east of Newcastle station. The 75-foot (23 m) gap between the keep and the gatehouse is almost entirely filled by the railway viaduct that carries the East Coast Main Line from Newcastle to Scotland. The keep and Black Gate are now managed by the Old Newcastle Project under the Heart of the City Partnership as one combined visitor attraction, "Newcastle Castle".

Pons Aelius

Pons Aelius (Latin for "Aelian Bridge"), or Newcastle Roman Fort, was an auxiliary castra and small Roman settlement on Hadrian's Wall in the Roman province of Britannia Inferior (northern England), situated on the north bank of the River Tyne close to the centre of present-day Newcastle upon Tyne, and occupied between the 2nd and 4th centuries AD.

County Hall, Newcastle upon Tyne

County Hall is a former municipal building, now a hotel, in Castle Garth, in Newcastle upon Tyne, England. The county hall, which was the headquarters and meeting place of Northumberland County Council from 1910 to 1981, is a Grade II listed building.

Moot Hall, Newcastle upon Tyne

The Moot Hall is a former courthouse at Castle Garth in Newcastle upon Tyne, England. The structure, which overlooks the Tyne Bridge, is a Grade I listed building.

Bessie Surtees House

Bessie Surtees House is the name of two merchants' houses on Newcastle's Sandhill, overlooking the River Tyne, that were built in the 16th and 17th centuries. Though commonly referred to solely as Bessie Surtees House, the property actually consists of three distinct properties; Bessie Surtees House, Milbank House, and Maddison House. These names were given to the buildings by their 20th-century owner Lord Gort. The buildings are a fine and rare example of Jacobean domestic architecture. An exhibition detailing the history of the buildings can be found on the first floor. The site is also home to the North East regional branch of Historic England. It is a Grade I listed building. The earliest record for the house on this site dates from 1465, when the house is recorded as being sold by Robert Rhodes, a local lawyer, to John Belt.