Sanctuaires Kamo

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Les sanctuaires Kamo (賀茂神社, Kamo-jinja) Kamigamo-jinja (上賀茂神社, « sanctuaire Kamo supérieur ») et Shimogamo-jinja (下鴨神社, « sanctuaire Kamo inférieur ») sont une paire de sanctuaires shinto de Kyōto, au Japon. Ils comptent parmi les plus vieux du pays et sont tous deux dédiés à Kamo Wake-ikazuchi, le kami du tonnerre. Ils sont classés monuments historiques de l'ancienne Kyōto et font partie de la liste du patrimoine mondial de l'UNESCO.

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Tadasu no Mori

Tadasu no Mori, which literally translates to "Forest of Correction" or "Forest of Purification" in English, is located in the Sakyo Ward of Kyoto City, at the site of the Kamomioya Shrine. The forest itself is a sacred grove associated with an important Shinto sanctuary complex known in Japanese as the Kamo-jinja, situated near the banks of the Kamo River just north of where the Takano River joins the Kamo River in northeast Kyoto city, Japan. The term Kamo-jinja in Japanese is a general reference to Shimogamo Shrine and Kamigamo Shrine, the traditionally linked Kamo shrines of Kyoto. The Kamo-jinja serve the function of protecting Kyoto from malign influences. Positioned at the convergence of the Kamo River and Takano River, the area of Tadasu No Mori's virgin forest encompasses about 12.4 hectares, or 124,500 square meters.

Historic Site Landmark

Kamo shrines

Kamo Shrine is a general term for an important Shinto sanctuary complex on both banks of the Kamo River in northeast Kyoto. It is centered on two shrines. The two shrines, an upper and a lower, lie in a corner of the old capital which was known as the "devil's gate" due to traditional geomancy beliefs that the north-east corner brought misfortune. Because the Kamo River runs from the north-east direction into the city, the two shrines along the river were intended to prevent demons from entering the city. The Kamo Shrine encompasses what are now independent but traditionally associated jinja or shrines: the Kamo-wakeikazuchi Shrine in Kyoto's Kita Ward, and the "Kamo-mioya Shrine'" in Sakyo Ward. They are amongst the "Historic Monuments of Ancient Kyoto" which have been designated by UNESCO as a World Heritage Site. The jinja name identifies the clustered kami or deities who are venerated at the Kamo Shrine; and the name refers to the ambit of shrine's encircling woods. The shrine name also references the area's early inhabitants, the Kamo clan, many of whom continue to live near the shrine their ancestors traditionally served. The Kamo are credited with establishing this Shinto sacred place. The formal names of corollary jinja memorialize vital roots in a history which pre-dates the founding of Japan's ancient capital. Although now incorporated within boundaries of the city, the Tadasu no Mori location was a site planning factor. It is theorized that this forest was the primeval forest home of the sacerdotal Kamo clan, who were the exclusive caretakers of the shrine from prehistoric times. The boundaries of today's smaller forest encompasses approximately 12.4 hectares, which are preserved as a national historical site. The woods of this sacred grove are designated by UNESCO as a World Cultural Heritage site along with other Shinto shrines in its environs. The shrine's annual festival, Kamo no Matsuri, also called Aoi Matsuri, is the oldest of Kyoto's three major festivals. The others are Jidai Matsuri and Gion Matsuri.

Historic Site Landmark

Kamigamo Shrine

Kamigamo Shrine is an important Shinto sanctuary on the banks of the Kamo River in north Kyoto, first founded in 678. Its formal name is the Kamo-wakeikazuchi Shrine. It is one of the oldest Shinto shrines in Japan and one of the seventeen Historic Monuments of Ancient Kyoto which have been designated by UNESCO as a World Heritage Site. The term Kamo-jinja in Japanese is a general reference to Shimogamo Shrine and Kamigamo Shrine, the traditionally linked Kamo shrines of Kyoto. The Kamo-jinja serve the function of protecting Kyoto from malign influences. The jinja name identifies the Kamo family of kami or deities who are venerated. The name also refers to the ambit of shrine's nearby woods, which are vestiges of the primeval forest of Tadasu no Mori. In addition, the shrine name references the area's early inhabitants, the Kamo clan, many of whom continue to live near the shrine their ancestors traditionally served. Kamogamo Shrine is dedicated to the veneration of Kamo Wake-ikazuchi, the kami of thunder.

Historic Site Landmark

Koryo Museum of Art

The Koryo Museum of Art is a Korean art museum in Kyoto, Japan. It was opened on October 25, 1988.

Art Museum

Kyoto Sangyo University

Kyoto Sangyo University is a private university in Kyoto, Japan.

Landmark University

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Kamo no Nagatsugu (1139-1172 ou 1173), le père du poète Kamo no Chōmei, officia en tant que supérieur au Shimogamo-jinja (下鴨神社, sanctuaire Kamo inférieur).

Bibliographie

Michael Ashkenazi, Handbook of Japanese Mythology, Santa Barbara, Californie, ABC-CLIO, 2003 (ISBN 1-576-07467-6 et 978-1-57607-467-1). Theodore de Bary, Donald Keene et Yoshiko Kurata Dykstra, Sources of Japanese Tradition, New York, Columbia University Press, 1958 (OCLC 220375147). John Benson, Japan, Londres, Dorling Kindersley, 2003 (ISBN 0-7894-9719-0 et 978-0-7894-9719-2) (OCLC 52965361). John Breen et Mark Teeuwen, Shinto in History: Ways of the Kami, Honolulu, University of Hawaii Press, 2000 (ISBN 0-824-82363-X et 978-0-8248-2363-4). Sylvie Guichard-Anguis et Okpyo Moon, Japanese Tourism and Travel Culture, Londres, Taylor & Francis, 2009 (ISBN 9780415470018 et 0415470013) (ISBN 9780203886670 et 0203886674) (OCLC 227922678). John Whitney Hall, Donald Shively et William H. McCullough, The Cambridge History of Japan: Heian Japan, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 1999 (ISBN 0-521-22353-9 et 978-0-521-22353-9). John K. Nelson, Enduring Identities: The Guise of Shinto in Contemporary Japan, Honolulu, University of Hawaii Press, 2000 (ISBN 0-8248-2259-5 et 978-0-8248-2259-0). George W. Perkins, The Clear Mirror: A Chronicle of the Japanese Court During the Kamakura Period (1185-1333), Stanford, Stanford University Press, 1998 (ISBN 0-8047-2953-0 et 978-0-8047-2953-6). Richard Ponsonby-Fane, Kamo-mioya Shrine, Kobé, J. L. Thompson, 1934 (OCLC 6045058). Richard Ponsonby-Fane, Kyoto: The Old Capital of Japan, 794-1869, Kyoto, Ponsonby Memorial Society, 1956 (OCLC 36644). Richard Ponsonby-Fane, The Imperial House of Japan, Kyoto, Ponsonby Memorial Society, 1959 (OCLC 194887). Richard Ponsonby-Fane, Studies in Shinto and Shrines, Kyoto, Ponsonby Memorial Society, 1962 (OCLC 399449). Richard Ponsonby-Fane, Vicissitudes of Shinto, Kyoto, Ponsonby Memorial Society, 1963 (OCLC 36655). Richard Ponsonby-Fane, Visiting Famous Shrines in Japan, Kyoto, Ponsonby-Fane Memorial Society, 1964 (OCLC 1030156). Thomas Philip Terry, Terry's Japanese empire: including Korea and Formosa, with chapters on Manchuria, the Trans-Siberian railway, and the chief ocean routes to Japan; a guidebook for travelers, New York, Houghton Mifflin, 1914 (OCLC 2832259). Post Wheeler, The Sacred Scriptures of the Japanese: With All Authoritative Variants, Chronologically Arranged, Setting Forth the Narrative of the Creation of the Cosmos, the Divine Descent of the Sky-Ancestor of the Imperial House and the Lineage of the Earthly Emperors, Westport, Connecticut, Greenwood Press, 1976 (ISBN 0-8371-8393-6 et 978-0-8371-8393-0) (OCLC 263528152).