Le Conseil national de justice (CNJ) une institution publique brésilienne, créée par amendement constitutionnel en 2004 et mis en place le 14 juin 2005. Son siège se trouve à Brasilia.
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The National Council of Justice is an administrative and oversight organ of the Brazilian Judiciary created by constitutional amendment in 2004 as a part of judicial reform. Among its responsibilities are ensuring that the judicial system remains autonomous, conducting disciplinary proceedings against members of the Judiciary, and compiling and publishing statistics on the Brazilian court system. The Council has nationwide jurisdiction over all courts except the Supreme Federal Court, but makes no rulings on cases and does not review judgements of other courts. Its fifteen members are chosen by the Supreme Federal Court for two-year terms.
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The Rio Branco Institute is Brazil's diplomatic graduate school, internationally recognized as one of the best diplomatic academies in the world. It is the oldest government school in the country and the third oldest diplomatic training institution on the planet, located in Brasília. The institute was created on April 18, 1945, as part of the centennial celebration of the birth of the Baron of Rio Branco, the greatest and most important diplomat in the history of Brazil. The IRBr is run by the Ministry of External Relations of Brazil.
Graduation from the IRBr is the only possible entrance point into the diplomatic career in Brazil.
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The Ministry of Foreign Affairs conducts Brazil's foreign relations with other countries. It is commonly referred to in Brazilian media and diplomatic jargon as Itamaraty, after the palace which houses the ministry. Since 1 January 2023, the minister responsible is Mauro Vieira.
The Ministry of Foreign Affairs operates the Rio Branco Institute and the Alexandre de Gusmão Foundation.
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The Itamaraty Palace, also known as the Palace of the Arches, is the headquarters of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Brazil. It is located in the national capital of Brasília. The building was designed by architect Oscar Niemeyer and inaugurated on April 21, 1970. It is located to the east of the National Congress building along the Ministries Esplanade, near the Praça dos Três Poderes.
In Brazil, Itamaraty is generally used as a metonymy for the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. The name stems from that of the palace in Rio de Janeiro which was the headquarters of the ministry before the Brazilian capital and government were moved to Brasília.
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The Superior Court of Justice is the highest appellate court in Brazil for non-constitutional issues regarding federal law. The STJ also has original jurisdiction over some cases. Its jurisdiction is provided for in Article 105 of the Brazilian Constitution.
A Special Appeal can be made to this court when a judgement by any of the country's appellate courts goes against a federal statutory provision or when said courts have issued different interpretations of the same federal statute.
By rule, the STJ decides only issues of law, and does not analyze any factual issues pertaining the cases' probatory elements, about which the appellate courts give the last word.
As in other superior courts in Brazil, STJ's justices are called "ministers", not to be confused with ministers from the executive branch.
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