Chinggis Khaan National Museum

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The Chinggis Khaan National Museum (Mongolian: Чингис хаан Үндэсний музей) is a museum about Genghis Khan in Chingeltei, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia.

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Location

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Ulaanbaatar

Ulaanbaatar is the capital and most populous city of Mongolia. It has a population of 1.67 million, and is the coldest capital city in the world by average yearly temperature. The municipality is located in north central Mongolia at an elevation of about 1,300 metres in a valley on the Tuul River. The city was founded in 1639 as a nomadic Buddhist monastic centre, changing location 29 times, and was permanently settled at its modern location in 1778. During its early years, as Örgöö, it became Mongolia's preeminent religious centre and seat of the Jebtsundamba Khutuktu, the spiritual head of the Gelug lineage of Tibetan Buddhism in Mongolia. Following the regulation of Qing-Russian trade by the Treaty of Kyakhta in 1727, a caravan route between Beijing and Kyakhta opened up, along which the city was eventually settled. With the collapse of the Qing dynasty in 1911, the city was a focal point for independence efforts, leading to the proclamation of the Bogd Khanate in 1911 led by the 8th Jebtsundamba Khutuktu, or Bogd Khan, and again during the communist revolution of 1921. With the proclamation of the Mongolian People's Republic in 1924, the city was officially renamed Ulaanbaatar and declared the country's capital. Modern urban planning began in the 1950s, with most of the old ger districts replaced by Soviet-style flats. In 1990, Ulaanbaatar was the site of large demonstrations that led to Mongolia's transition to democracy and a market economy. Since 1990, an influx of migrants from the rest of the country has led to an explosive growth in its population, a major portion of whom live in ger districts, which has contributed to harmful air pollution in winter. Excessive coal production and consumption in Ulaanbaatar make it one of the world's most polluted cities, causing the incidence of pneumonia and other respiratory illnesses to spike amongst children. Governed as an independent municipality, Ulaanbaatar is surrounded by Töv Province, whose capital Zuunmod lies 43 kilometres south of the city. With a population of just over 1.6 million as of December 2022, it contains almost half of the country's total population. As the country's primate city, it serves as its cultural, industrial and financial heart and the centre of its transport network.

Settlement

National Museum of Mongolia

The National Museum of Mongolia formerly known as the National Museum of Mongolian History is a history museum focusing on Mongolian history located in Chingeltei, Ulaanbaatar. It characterizes itself as "a cultural, scientific, and educational organization, which is responsible for the collection, care and interpretation of the objects."

Museum

Government Palace

The Government Palace, also known as the State Palace, is located on the north side of Sükhbaatar Square in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia. It houses various state organs such as the State Great Khural and offices of its members, as well as the offices of the President and Prime Minister. It is sometimes referred to by Ulaanbaatar residents as the Saaral Ordon due to the exterior's former color, which was eventually painted white in 2007.

Government Landmark

Mongolian Revolution of 1911

The Mongolian Revolution of 1911 occurred when the region of Outer Mongolia declared its independence from the Manchu-led Qing China during the Xinhai Revolution. A combination of factors, including economic hardship and failure to resist Western imperialism, led many in China to be unhappy with the Qing government. When a new program to settle Mongolia with ethnic Han and assimilate the natives was unveiled, it was met with resistance that resulted in Mongol independence from the Qing Empire. Many Barga and Inner Mongolian chieftains assisted in the revolution and became the revolution's leaders.

Event Historic Site

University of the Humanities

University of the Humanities is a public university in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia.

University

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History

The groundbreaking of the museum was held in 2020 at the site where the old building of the Mongolian Natural History Museum used to stand. The museum was opened in October 2022. On 29 December 2023, the museum opened its research library. On 30 January 2024, the museum was featured as one of the 20 cultural hotspots to visit in 2024 by Best of the World of National Geographic. On 13 December 2024, a laboratory to preserve and restore artifacts was inaugurated.

Architecture

The museum is housed in a 9-story building. The main gate of the museum resembles a Paiza and the top part resembles a yurt. The museum also houses a research library with a collection of more than 6,000 volumes.