Voblast de Belastok

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La voblast de Belastok (en biélorusse : Беластоцкая вобласць, Belastotskaïa voblasts) ou oblast de Belostok (en russe : Белостокская область, Belostokskaïa oblast ; en polonais : Obwód białostocki) est une division territoriale et administrative de la république socialiste soviétique de Biélorussie, en Union soviétique. Créée en décembre 1940, elle exista de facto jusqu'en juin 1941 et fut supprimée formellement en 1945.

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Białystok Voivodeship

Białystok Voivodeship was a unit of administrative division and local government in Poland from 1975 to 1998, when it was superseded by the Podlaskie Voivodeship. Its capital city was Białystok. It was formed in 1975 from part of the existing Białystok Voivodeship. The region was 10,055 km2, and its population in 1994, about 700 000 inhabitants. It was divided into 20 cities and 50 municipalities. It bordered with four Voivodeships: Suwałki, Łomża, Siedlce and Biała Podlaska and until 1991 with the Soviet Union, and later with Belarus.

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Białystok Voivodeship

Białystok Voivodeship was an administrative division and local government in Poland from 1944 to 1975, when its purview was separated into eastern Suwałki Voivodeship, Łomża Voivodeship and Białystok Voivodeship. Its capital city was Białystok. The establishment of Podlaskie Voivodeship in 1999 was essentially a reunion of the areas of Białystok Voivodeship. The area's administrative region of 1950 amounted to 23 201 square kilometers, which was later reduced to 23 153 square kilometers. In 1946 the population approximately 941 000 and in 1970 it had approximately 1 176 000 inhabitants.

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Belastok Region

Belastok Region, also known as Belastok Voblasts or Belostok Oblast, was a short-lived region of the Byelorussian SSR during World War II, lasting from September 1939 until Operation Barbarossa in 1941, and again for a short period in 1944. The administrative center of the region was the city of Białystok, which was annexed from Poland in 1939.

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Bialystok District

Bialystok District was an administrative unit of Nazi Germany created during the World War II invasion of the Soviet Union. It was to the south-east of East Prussia, in present-day northeastern Poland as well as in smaller sections of adjacent present-day Belarus and Lithuania. It was sometimes also referred to by the designation South East Prussia along with the Regierungsbezirk Zichenau, although in contrast to the latter, it was not incorporated into, but merely attached to East Prussia. The territory lay to the east of the Molotov–Ribbentrop line and was consequently occupied by the Soviet Union and incorporated into the Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic. In the aftermath of the German attack on the Soviet Union in June 1941, the westernmost portion of Soviet Belarus, was placed under the German Civilian Administration. As Bialystok District, the area was under German rule from 1941 to 1944 without ever formally being incorporated into the German Reich. The district was established because of its perceived military importance as a bridgehead on the far bank of the Neman. Germany had desired to annex the area even during the First World War, based on the historical claim arising from the Third Partition of Poland, which had delegated Białystok to Prussia from 1795 to 1806. In contrast to other territories of Eastern Poland which were permanently annexed by the Soviet Union following the Second World War, most of the territory was later returned to Poland.

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Białystok Department

The Białystok Department was part of the New East Prussia Province of the Kingdom of Prussia from 1795 to 1807. It was created out of territory annexed in the Third Partition of Poland and included parts of Podlaskie.

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Sa capitale administrative était la ville de Belastok (en polonais : Białystok).

Histoire

Après la signature du pacte germano-soviétique, la partie orientale de la Pologne fut envahie par l'Armée rouge en septembre 1939, puis annexée par l'Union soviétique et rattachée à la RSS de Biélorussie en novembre 1939. Un décret du Présidium du Soviet suprême de l'URSS du 4 décembre 1939 créa la voblast de Belastok. En juin 1941, son territoire fut envahi par l'Allemagne nazie qui y créa une vaste unité administrative dénommée district de Bialystok. Une fois toute la Biélorussie libérée par l'Armée rouge, en septembre 1944, la voblast de Belastok fut rétablie dans le cadre de la République socialiste soviétique de Biélorussie. Cependant, suivant un accord frontalier conclu le 16 août 1945 entre la Pologne et l'Union soviétique, 17 raïons, ainsi que 3 raïons de la voblast de Brest, furent rendus à la Pologne et formèrent la voïvodie de Białystok. Les autres raïons furent rattachés à la voblast de Hrodna de la RSS de Biélorussie.

Géographie

La voblast de Belastok se trouvait à l'ouest de la Biélorussie. Elle était bordée au nord par la RSS de Lituanie, à l'est par la voblast de Baranavitchy, au sud par la voblast de Brest et à l'ouest par la Pologne, occupée par l'Allemagne nazie jusqu'en 1945.