La cathédrale du Sacré-Cœur-de-Jésus de Harbin ( en mandarin : 耶稣圣心主教座堂 Yēsū shèng xīn zhǔjiào zuò táng) dont le nom officiel est cathédrale diocésaine du Sacré-Cœur de Harbin est un édifice religieux catholique de la ville de Harbin.
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The Cathedral of the Sacred Heart of Jesus is a Roman Catholic church in Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China. Its official name is Sacred Heart of Jesus Diocesan Cathedral of Harbin.
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The Church of the Intercession of the Mother of God in Harbin is an Eastern Orthodox church in Harbin, China.
This church is located in the "church street", north east of "Hongbo Square", on East Dazhi Avenue, where there are also Harbin Nangang Christian Church and Sacred Heart Cathedral of Harbin.
The Church of the Intercession, formerly also called the Ukrainian Church in Harbin, is currently the only Orthodox Church in Harbin, and indeed in all of mainland China, open to Chinese nationals for regular worship.
Its summarized history is as follows:
In 1902, a prayer house was built in the Russian cemetery.
In 1922, as the China Eastern Railway was being built, the Russians built a wooden church building at the site of current church.
In 1930, the China Eastern Railway donated the present stone church building. The architect was Tidanov.
Until 1947, the congregation was composed predominantly of Ukrainians who had fled east from the Russian Revolution in 1917.
In 1958, during the Great Leap Forward and Cultural Revolution, as the Chinese-Soviet relationship soured, the Russians and Ukrainians left China, forcing discontinuance of the church activities.
On 14 October [O.S. 1 October] 1984, coinciding with the church's patron saint's feast day, the restoration of the temple was finally completed, and it reopened for worship services, conducted by Father Gregory Zhu, who served at the church from its re-opening until his passing in 2000, leaving the temple without a permanent rector for fifteen years, until the installation of recently-ordained Father Alexander Yu, whose first liturgy was the Orthodox Easter Service on April 18, 2016.
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Harbin is the capital of Heilongjiang, China, and the largest city of the province—as well as the second largest urban population and the largest metropolitan population in Northeast China. Harbin has direct jurisdiction over nine metropolitan districts, two county-level cities, and seven counties. It is the eighth most populous Chinese city according to the 2020 census. The built-up area of Harbin has 5,841,929 inhabitants, while the total metropolitan population is up to 10,009,854, making it one of the 100 largest urban areas in the world. Harbin serves as a key political, economic, scientific, cultural, and communications hub in Northeast China, as well as an important industrial base of the nation.
Several different etymologies have been offered for the city's name. The city government says the name means "swan" in the Jurchen language, and other sources say that it comes from a Manchu word meaning "a place for drying fishing nets". The settlement grew from a small rural fishing village on the Songhua River to become one of the largest cities in Northeast China. Founded in 1898 with the coming of the Russian-built Chinese Eastern Railway, the city first prospered as a settlement inhabited by an overwhelming majority of immigrants from the Russian Empire. In the 1920s the city was considered China's fashion capital, since new designs from Paris and Moscow reached here first before arriving in Shanghai. From 1932 until 1945, Harbin was the largest city in the Japanese puppet state of Manchukuo. Well known for its historical Russian legacy and architecture, the city is famed for its European influence and serves as an important gateway in Sino-Russian trade today.
Harbin is one of the top 50 cities and metropolitan areas in the world by scientific research output. The city hosts several major universities in Northeast China, including Harbin Engineering University, Harbin Medical University, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin Normal University, Northeast Forestry University, and Heilongjiang University. Notably, Harbin Institute of Technology is consistently ranked as one of the best universities in the world for engineering.
Harbin was voted "China Top Tourist City" by the China National Tourism Administration in 2004. Though known for its bitterly cold seasons, Harbin is heralded as the Ice City for its winter tourism and recreations, especially the ice sculpture festival. The city has hosted the 1996 Winter Asian Games, the 2009 Winter Universiade, and the 2025 Asian Winter Games.
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Harbin Ice Hockey Arena, formerly known as Baqu Arena, is an indoor sporting arena located in Harbin, Heilongjiang, China. The capacity of the arena is 5,500 people. It was the main arena used during the 1996 Asian Winter Games and the 2008 IIHF Women's World Championship.
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The Soviet Red Army Monument, Harbin is a national monument of China to the fallen Soviet Red Army soldiers who took part in the 1945 Soviet invasion of Manchuria during World War II which liberated Northeast China from Japanese occupation.
Histoire
Après la construction du chemin de fer de l’Est chinois dans les années 1900, beaucoup de travailleurs polonais, catholiques, s'établissent à Harbin., ce qui conduit le prêtre Dominik Przyluski à engager la construction d'un lieu de culte pour ceux-ci en 1906. Il est terminé l'année suivante. La nouvelle église porte le nom d'église catholique polonaise et d'église catholique de l'avenue Dazhi est et entre sous la juridiction des diocèses de Saint-Pétersbourg, de Vladivostok, de Jilin et de Beijing. En 1959, le bâtiment est incorporé dans le diocèse du Heilongjiang, nouvellement créé. Durant la Révolution culturelle de Mao Tsé-Toung, la cathédrale est détruite puis reconstruite en 2004[source insuffisante]. Son administrateur en 2012 est l'évêque Joseph Yue Fu-Sheng (岳福生).
