Kirkandrews on Esk

Kirkandrews, also known as Kirkandrews on Esk to distinguish it from Kirkandrews-on-Eden, is a civil parish in the Cumberland district of Cumbria, England. The main settlement in the parish is the hamlet of Moat. The parish lies immediately south of the border with Scotland. In medieval times, Kirkandrews formed part of the Debatable Lands claimed by both England and Scotland. Following a treaty in 1552, the Debatable Lands were partitioned between the two countries, and Scots' Dike built to mark the agreed border; it remains part of the boundary of Kirkandrews parish today. The parish straddles the River Esk. At the 2021 census, it had a population of 458.

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Longtown railway station

Longtown railway station served the town of Longtown, Cumbria, England, from 1861 to 1970 on the Waverley Route.

Solway Moss

Solway Moss, also known as Solway Flow, is a moss (lowland peat bog), in the Cumberland district in Cumbria, England near the Scottish border and less than 1 mile (1.6 km) west of Longtown at grid reference NY345690. In 2005 the moss was the subject of a campaign by organisations including the RSPB and Friends of the Earth to get the area declared a Special Area of Conservation in order to prevent the destruction of the rare raised bog ecology. In 1542 it was the location of the Battle of Solway Moss. On 16 November 1771, during the night, Solway Moss burst, flooding local farms and settlements. one of several rivers to do so in the Great Flood of 1771.

Battle of Solway Moss

The Battle of Solway Moss took place on Solway Moss near the River Esk on the English side of the Anglo-Scottish border in November 1542 between English and Scottish forces. The Scottish King James V had refused to break from the Catholic Church, as urged by his uncle King Henry VIII, who then launched a major raid into south-west Scotland. The Scottish army that marched against them was poorly led and organised, and many Scots were either captured or drowned in the river. News of the defeat is believed to have hastened the early death of James V.

Longtown, Cumbria

Longtown is a market town in Cumbria, but in the historic county of Cumberland, England, just south of the Scottish Border. It has a sheep market which was at the centre of the 2001 United Kingdom foot-and-mouth crisis. Just south-west of Longtown is Arthuret Church, dedicated to Saint Michael and All Angels.